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Q1. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
Diatoms are algae. Dinoflagellates are unicellular protists/algae. Pteropods are planktic gastropods. Radiolarians are siliceous, not organic-walled (which are typically palynomorphs like acritarchs/spores).
Q2. Which of the following sedimentary feature(s) indicate(s) sub-aerial exposure of the depositional surface?
Rain prints and Adhesion ripples (wind-blown sand on wet surfaces) are diagnostic features of sub-aerial exposure.
Q3. Choose the CORRECT statement(s) on seismic wave propagation in an elastic isotropic medium.
P-waves are longitudinal (polarized in propagation direction). S-waves are transverse. Rayleigh waves show retrograde elliptical particle motion. Love waves are polarized horizontally (transverse).
Q4. Which among the following Period(s) belong(s) to the Paleozoic Era?
Carboniferous and Silurian are in the Paleozoic Era. Paleogene is Cenozoic; Cretaceous is Mesozoic.
Q5. Which of the following systems tract(s) indicate regression?
Regression (seaward shift of coastline) occurs during Falling Stage (forced regression), Lowstand (normal regression), and Highstand (normal regression) systems tracts. Transgressive tracts indicate transgression.
Q6. Which of the following stratigraphic unit(s) of the Vindhyan Supergroup contain(s) commercially significant limestone deposit(s)?
The Bhander Group (Bhander Limestone) and the Semri Group (Rohtas Formation/Limestone) are the major limestone-bearing horizons in the Vindhyan Supergroup.
Q7. Which of the following is/are copper ore mineral(s)?
Bornite (Cu5FeS4) and Covellite (CuS) are copper ores. Pentlandite is a nickel ore; Gahnite is a zinc spinel.
Q8. Which of the following is/are the driving force(s) behind plate motion?
The primary driving forces for plate tectonics are Slab-Pull (subducting lithosphere), Ridge-Push (gravity at ridges), and Mantle Convection.
Q9. Which of the natural hazard(s) listed below can be caused by Earthquakes?
Earthquakes can trigger Tsunamis (displacement of water) and Landslides (ground shaking). Cyclones and Lightning are atmospheric phenomena.
Q10. The silicate mineral(s) that commonly occur(s) in regionally metamorphosed siliceous dolomitic limestone is/are
During metamorphism of siliceous dolomitic limestone, typical minerals formed include Tremolite, Diopside, Forsterite, and Wollastonite. Cordierite is typical of pelitic rocks.