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Q171. The maximum amount of water vapour which air can hold depends on:
According to the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, the saturation vapor pressure (the absolute maximum capacity of air to hold water vapor) is exponentially and exclusively dependent on the air temperature.
Q172. Compared to the Earth, Jupiter orbits around the Sun much slower because of its:
According to Kepler's Third Law and Newton's law of gravitation, the orbital velocity of a planet is inversely proportional to the square root of its distance from the sun.
Q173. Two planets A and B of masses M and 4M orbit around their central star at distances d and 4d respectively. Compared to A, the planet B orbits around the star:
According to Kepler's Third Law (T^2 proportional to d^3), the period ratio T_B / T_A = sqrt((4d/d)^3) = sqrt(64) = 8. Thus, planet B takes 8 times longer to complete an orbit, meaning it is 8 times slower.
Q174. The correct order of decreasing stability of minerals during chemical weathering is:
According to Goldich's Dissolution Series, minerals crystallizing at higher temperatures (Olivine) are least stable at the surface, while those crystallizing at lower temperatures (Quartz) are the most stable.
Q175. Bomb produced radiocarbon activity in the atmosphere is:
Above-ground nuclear tests artificially doubled atmospheric 14C. Since the test ban, this 'bomb spike' has been rapidly decreasing as the carbon is absorbed into the terrestrial biosphere and oceans.
Q176. The following marks the maximum limit of glacier advancement:
A terminal moraine is a ridge of till that forms at the very snout of a glacier, marking the furthest point of its advance before retreating.