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Q1. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
Diatoms are algae. Dinoflagellates are unicellular protists/algae. Pteropods are planktic gastropods. Radiolarians are siliceous, not organic-walled (which are typically palynomorphs like acritarchs/spores).
Q2. Which of the following sedimentary feature(s) indicate(s) sub-aerial exposure of the depositional surface?
Rain prints and Adhesion ripples (wind-blown sand on wet surfaces) are diagnostic features of sub-aerial exposure.
Q3. Which of the following systems tract(s) indicate regression?
Regression (seaward shift of coastline) occurs during Falling Stage (forced regression), Lowstand (normal regression), and Highstand (normal regression) systems tracts. Transgressive tracts indicate transgression.
Q4. On a fault surface with strike and dip 320° and 55° NE, respectively, four sets of slickenlines were measured by a geologist. Given that the fault surface was measured correctly, the plunge and plunge direction of the lineation on the fault surface is
The dip direction of the fault is 320 + 90 = 050 (NE). A lineation with plunge 55 -> 050 represents a dip-slip lineation plunging directly down the dip of the fault plane.
Q5. Which one of the following is the CORRECT statement regarding the ecology of bivalves?
Venus is a typical shallow burrowing bivalve. Pecten is a swimmer. Pholas is a borer.
Q6. Which one of the following statements is CORRECT?
The Krishna-Godavari Basin is known for sandstone reservoirs. Salt domes are not typical of Upper Assam. Mumbai Offshore is extensional/inversion, not fold/thrust belt dominated like the Himalayas.
Q7. A mineral of uniform composition is cut into a wedge shape. The birefringence of the wedge section is 0.012. The retardation at 40 µm thickness of the wedge is _______ nm. [in integer]
Retardation = Thickness * Birefringence. Thickness = 40 micrometers = 40,000 nm. Retardation = 40,000 * 0.012 = 480 nm.
Q8. The cross section of a river channel is approximated by a trapezium. The river has an average channel width of 40 m and average depth of 3 m. If the average flow speed is 2 m/s, the discharge rate is _________ m3/s. [in integer]
Discharge Q = Area * Velocity. Approximating Area = Width * Depth = 40m * 3m = 120 m^2. Q = 120 * 2 = 240 m^3/s.
Q9. If the shrinkage factor of a crude oil is 0.7, its formation volume factor is _____. [round off to 1 decimal place]
The formation volume factor (Bo) is the inverse of the shrinkage factor (1/S) or related to the volume change from reservoir to surface. Bo = 1 / 0.7 approx 1.43.
Q10. The strike and dip of the axial plane of a reclined fold is 022° and 28° SE, respectively. The plunge direction (in whole circle bearing) of the axis of the reclined fold is ______ degrees. [in integer]
In a reclined fold, the fold axis plunges down the dip of the axial plane. If the axial plane dips SE with a strike of 022, the dip direction is 022 + 90 = 112 degrees. Therefore, the plunge direction is 112 degrees.