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Q81. An oligotrophic lake can have the following nutrient level (in micro-grams/L):
Oligotrophic lakes are defined by extremely low nutrient levels and high water clarity. The standard limnological boundary for total Phosphorus in an oligotrophic system is generally less than 10 micrograms per liter.
Q82. Large scale oceanic circulation forming loops in both hemispheres, known as gyres, occurs due to:
Ocean gyres are massive circular current systems driven by global wind patterns and shaped by the Coriolis effect, which deflects moving water to the right in the North and left in the South.
Q83. The major atmospheric constituents that are homogeneously distributed in the lower atmosphere are:
Nitrogen (N2), Oxygen (O2), and Argon (Ar) are permanent gases with extremely long residence times, meaning they are well-mixed and homogeneously distributed in the lower atmosphere.
Q84. Ni has the most tightly bound nucleus because it:
Nickel-62 (along with Iron-58) has the highest binding energy per nucleon of any known isotope, making it the most thermodynamically stable nucleus.
Q85. Which of the following statements is TRUE in the case of Mid Oceanic Ridges (MOR)?
New oceanic crust is continually formed at the MOR. As tectonic plates diverge, this newly formed basalt is pushed outward, meaning rocks further from the ridge are progressively older.
Q86. In a neutrally stable atmosphere, the lapse rate is:
Neutral stability occurs when an air parcel displaced vertically cools at the exact same rate as the surrounding environment. For unsaturated air, this means the environmental lapse rate equals the dry adiabatic lapse rate.
Q87. Pebbles in a deformed conglomerate have ellipsoidal shape with varying axial ratios. The pebbles in the undeformed conglomerate were:
Natural river or beach pebbles can be spherical, oblate, or prolate even before any tectonic deformation occurs.
Q88. Magnetic anomaly strips occur symmetrically on either side of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Similar anomaly patterns are difficult to detect in Precambrian terrains because:
Most ancient oceanic crust has been destroyed via subduction zones, leaving little record of Precambrian magnetic striping compared to modern oceans.
Q89. Mid-ocean ridges, areas of crustal extension, are usually associated with:
Mid-ocean ridges are divergent boundaries characterized by normal faults due to extension. The ridge segments are offset by transform faults that accommodate the spreading geometry.
Q90. Mid-latitude deserts are located:
Mid-latitude deserts (like the Gobi or Taklamakan) are typically located deep within continental interiors, far from oceanic moisture sources, and often trapped within the rain shadows of large mountain ranges.